Impact of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on invasive pneumococcal disease in France, 2001-2012

Publié le 3 janvier 2015
Mis à jour le 6 septembre 2019

Context and aims : vaccination with the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was recommended in France in 2003 for children <2 years. The 13-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13) replaced PCV7 in 2010. We assessed the impact of PCVs vaccination on the incidence of invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) in French children (0 15 years) and adults (>15 years). Methods : IPD rates were calculated using cases reported from 2001 to 2012 to Epibac, a laboratory network. The distribution of serotypes was assessed from invasive isolates serotyped at the National reference Centre for Pneumococci. IPD incidence rates were compared between the pre-PCV7 (2001 2002), late PCV7 (2008 2009) and post PCV13 (2012) periods. Results : the PCVs coverage increased from 56% in the 2004 birth-cohort to 94% in the 2008 and following birth-cohorts. Following PCV7 introduction, IPD incidence decreased by 19% between 2001 2002 and 2008 2009 in children <2 years, but increased in children aged 2 15 years and adults, despite a sharp decline in PCV7-IPD in all age-groups. After PCV13 introduction, IPD incidence decreased by 34% in children <5 years, by 50% in those aged 5 15 years and 15% in adults from 2008 2009 to 2012. The incidence of PCV13-Non PCV7-IPD decreased by 74% in children <5 years and by 60% in those aged 5 15 years. Conclusions : vaccination with PCV13 was rapidly followed by a decrease in the incidence of all-type IPD in children, in relation with a sharp decrease in the incidence of PCV13-Non PCV7-IPD. Moreover, all-type IPD decreased after PCV13 introduction in older non-vaccinated age-groups, with a shift in the distribution of serotypes. Considering the whole 2001 2012 period, the vaccination with PCV7 and PCV13 resulted in a decline in the incidence of IPD in children up to the age of 5 but not in older children and adults.

Auteur : Lepoutre A, Varon E, Georges S, Dorleans F, Janoir C, Gutmann L, Levy Bruhl D, The Microbiologists of the Epibac, Réseau des Observatoires Régionaux du Pneumocoque (ORP)
Vaccine, 2015, vol. 33, n°. 2, p. 359-66