OBJECTIVE: To investigate potential interactive effects of fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) and ozone (O(3)) on daily mortality at global level. DESIGN: Two stage time series analysis. SETTING: 372 cities across 19 countries and regions. POPULATION: Daily counts of deaths from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Daily mortality data during 1994-2020. Stratified analyses by co-pollutant exposures and synergy index (>1 denotes the combined effect of pollutants is greater than individual effects) were applied to explore the interaction between PM(2.5) and O(3) in association with mortality. RESULTS: During the study period across the 372 cities, 19.3 million deaths were attributable to all causes, 5.3 million to cardiovascular disease, and 1.9 million to respiratory disease. The risk of total mortality for a 10 μg/m(3) increment in PM(2.5) (lag 0-1 days) ranged from 0.47% (95% confidence interval 0.26% to 0.67%) to 1.25% (1.02% to 1.48%) from the lowest to highest fourths of O(3) concentration; and for a 10 μg/m(3) increase in O(3) ranged from 0.04% (-0.09% to 0.16%) to 0.29% (0.18% to 0.39%) from the lowest to highest fourths of PM(2.5) concentration, with significant differences between strata (P for interaction
Auteur : Liu Cong, Chen Renjie, Sera Francesco, Vicedo-Cabrera Ana Maria, Guo Yuming, Tong Shilu, Lavigne Eric, Correa Patricia Matus, Ortega Nicolás Valdés, Achilleos Souzana, Roye Dominic, Jaakkola Jouni Jk, Ryti Niilo, Pascal Mathilde, Schneider Alexandra, Breitner Susanne, Entezari Alireza, Mayvaneh Fatemeh, Raz Raanan, Honda Yasushi, Hashizume Masahiro, Ng Chris Fook Sheng, Gaio Vânia, Madureira Joana, Holobaca Iulian-Horia, Tobias Aurelio, Íñiguez Carmen, Guo Yue Leon, Pan Shih-Chun, Masselot Pierre, Bell Michelle L, Zanobetti Antonella, Schwartz Joel, Gasparrini Antonio, Kan Haidong
BMJ, 2023, vol. 383, p. e075203
