Although French Guiana enjoys a standard of living and infrastructure that are the envy of its neighbors, it ranks among the least advantaged French departments in terms of health indicators. One-fifth of the population lives in isolated communities along the rivers, necessitating a decentralized organizational structure to remain close to the people. HIV/AIDS prevention remains a top priority, as French Guiana is the French department most affected by the disease. In recent years, a network for prevention and health promotion has been gradually established, facing the challenge of reaching a multicultural population that includes a significant immigrant population.