A conference of experts on tuberculosis was held in Paris on December 15, 1994, under the auspices of the French-Language Society of Infectious Diseases and the French-Language Society of Pulmonology. The objective of this conference was to assess the current situation regarding tuberculosis and tuberculosis control in France and to propose solutions in the areas of surveillance, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. After hearing from experts, the summary group presents current epidemiological data, established practices, and those requiring evaluation in order to optimize patient care and limit the spread of the disease.