Introduction - The prevalence of smoking has declined in France in recent years, thanks to the implementation of national tobacco control programs. However, France, like the rest of the world, was affected in 2020 by an unprecedented crisis linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of smoking in 2020 and its change compared to 2019. Methods - The data come from the Baromètre de Santé publique France, a telephone survey of a random sample of the adult population residing in metropolitan France, conducted between January and March, then between June and July 2020, with a total sample of 14,873 individuals. Results - In 2020, more than three in ten adults aged 18–75 reported smoking (31.8%), and one-quarter reported smoking daily (25.5%). For the entire period covered in 2020, the prevalence of smoking and daily smoking did not vary significantly compared to 2019. However, between 2019 and 2020, the prevalence of daily smoking increased from 29.8% to 33.3% among the third of the population with the lowest incomes. This increase is primarily due to a rise between 2019 and early 2020, before the first lockdown, with a stabilization observed after the lockdown. Social inequalities thus remain very pronounced in 2020, with a 15-point gap between the lowest and highest income groups. Conclusion - After a decline in smoking in metropolitan France from 2014 to 2019, prevalence stabilized in 2020. Against the backdrop of an unprecedented health, psychological, economic, and social crisis, one of the challenges is to re-establish a downward trend and further strengthen efforts to combat smoking among the populations most vulnerable to it, given the very pronounced social inequalities.