Introduction: The objective of this study was to describe the care provided to patients with mood disorders in healthcare facilities licensed to provide psychiatric services in mainland France, using data from the national database for the Collection of Medical Information in Psychiatry (RIM-P). Methods: The analysis included all individuals hospitalized or treated on an outpatient basis in facilities authorized to provide psychiatric care between 2010 and 2014 for whom a bipolar disorder (BD: ICD-10 codes F30 and F31) or a depressive disorder (MD: ICD-10 codes F32 to F39) was noted as the primary or associated diagnosis. Results: Between 2010 and 2014, 1,684,663 and 446,867 patients were treated for MD and BD, respectively, in facilities authorized to provide psychiatric care. In 2014, treatment rates for DT were 564.8 per 100,000 people, higher among women (698.3 vs. 421.5 among men). They varied little over the study period. In 2014, treatment rates for TB were 157.1 per 100,000 people (190.3 among women and 120.8 among men). An annual increase of 2.6% was observed among men (p=0.01) and 3.4% among women (p<0.001) between 2010 and 2014. For both TB and TD, the highest rates were found among men and women aged 50 to 54. Among both men and women, treatment rates 20% higher than the national rate were observed in Brittany and Bourgogne-Franche-Comté for TDs and in the Southwest for TBs. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of continuing surveillance and implementing prevention strategies for mood disorders, which constitute a major public health problem. Measures for the early detection and management of these disorders should be developed to prevent them from becoming chronic and to avert suicidal behavior.