Background

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the number of new tuberculosis cases worldwide in 2015 is estimated at 10.4 million. The global distribution is uneven: Africa (275 cases per 100,000 inhabitants) and Southeast Asia (246 cases per 100,000) bear the heaviest burden of the disease. Mayotte, the department with the highest reported rate in France, faces significant migratory pressure from neighboring islands that also had high tuberculosis incidence rates in 2016: Madagascar (237 cases per 100,000 inhabitants), the Comoros (35 cases per 100,000), and Mauritius (22 cases per 100,000). This epidemiological report presents the epidemiological situation of tuberculosis in Mayotte during the 2011–2015 period.