Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. After declining for many years thanks to antibiotics, it has seen a resurgence in Europe since the 2000s, particularly in the Île-de-France region. Transmitted through unprotected sex, it can progress through several stages if left undetected and untreated. Monitoring the disease is a major public health challenge, especially in large metropolitan areas. This infographic presents data on syphilis screening and diagnosis, along with information on causes, symptoms, and prevention.