Santé publique France and ANSES are conducting the PestiRiv study, whose primary objective is to determine whether there is a difference in pesticide exposure between people living near vineyards and those living far from any agricultural land. This study will provide a better understanding of the sources of such exposure in order to reduce it. The first phase of the PestiRiv study involved testing the planned methodology as part of a study conducted between October 28 and December 21, 2019, in four municipalities in the Grand Est and Nouvelle-Aquitaine regions. This initial phase of the PestiRiv study allowed for the testing of questionnaires, the organization of home visits, and the method for collecting urine and dust samples. It also helped identify the reasons for refusal and the expectations of those asked to participate in the study. Seventy-two households participated in this first phase of the PestiRiv study. The observed participation rate was consistent with that seen in biomonitoring studies, and the reasons for refusal were primarily related to the participants’ age and the complexity of the study protocol. Those who agreed to participate in the study adhered fairly easily and very conscientiously to the protocol, and the questionnaires were generally well understood. Participants generally felt strongly invested in the study and expressed a desire to have information about their pesticide exposure. This first phase of the PestiRiv study provided a better understanding of participants’ expectations and allowed for adjustments to the study protocol to improve its implementation on a national scale, which will begin in the fall of 2021.