Introduction – Postpartum depression (PPD), anxiety, and suicidal ideation can have harmful consequences for both the mother and the newborn. Our objectives were to estimate the prevalence of PPD, anxiety, and suicidal ideation at two months postpartum (PP) among women who gave birth in France in 2021 and to present regional variations.Methods – Our sample included 7,133 women who gave birth in mainland France during a specific week in March 2021 and who completed the 10-item self-administered Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at two months postpartum. The data were weighted to be representative of women who gave birth in mainland France during that same week. The national prevalences of postpartum depression (EPDS score ≥13), anxiety (EPDS-3A ≥5), and suicidal ideation (EPDS item 10 ≥1) were estimated. Given the sample size, only the age-standardized regional prevalences of postpartum depression and anxiety were estimated.Results – In 2021, in mainland France, the prevalence of PPD was 16.7% (95% confidence interval, 95% CI: [15.7–17.7]), with regional disparities showing some regions with significantly lower prevalences (Hauts-de-France, Grand Est, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Nouvelle-Aquitaine) or higher (Île-de-France, Centre-Val de Loire, and Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur) than the national average. The prevalence of anxiety was 27.6% [26.5–28.8] overall and 83.2% [80.6–85.7] among women with PPD. Regional disparities were also observed for anxiety, with prevalence rates significantly lower (Normandy, Nouvelle-Aquitaine) or higher (Centre-Val de Loire, Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur) than the national average. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 5.4% [4.7–6.1] overall and 23.8% [12.1–26.9] among women with PPD.Discussion – Based on a representative sample of women who gave birth in mainland France in March 2021, our estimates show that, two months after childbirth, one in six had PPD, more than one in four had significant anxiety, and one in 20 women reported suicidal ideation. These results are consistent with international data on perinatal mental health. They underscore the fundamental importance of prevention policies and the need to adapt psychological and psychiatric care services to meet the significant needs described.