Introduction and Objectives: The Bexsero® vaccine received European marketing authorization in early 2013 for the prevention of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) type B. The High Council for Public Health did not recommend routine vaccination or vaccination of contacts of sporadic cases. An analysis of the temporal and spatial clusters of IIM B identified in France over the past 15 years has enabled the definition of criteria for vaccination alerts or interventions. Materials and methods: clusters of cases occurring in communities between 1998 and 2012, as well as epidemics and hyperendemic outbreaks recorded between 2003 and 2012, were included in the analysis. Intervention criteria were identified retrospectively in terms of sensitivity or expected impact, taking into account vaccine efficacy and the vaccine’s coverage of the strains. Results: Vaccination around sporadic cases of IIM B or within a community where two cases of IIM B had occurred would have prevented, at best, an average of one secondary case per year. Vaccination within a community where epidemic alert criteria (incidence of 10/100,000 over 3 months with at least 3 cases linked to the same clone) are met and if the strain is covered by the vaccine appears justified. Alert criteria for detecting hyperendemic outbreaks (incidence rate of 3/100,000 over 52 weeks, with 4 cases linked to identical strains) would have allowed for earlier identification of 4 of the 8 outbreaks identified since 2003. Conclusion: Certain situations, such as clusters of cases in communities or epidemics, warrant a vaccination intervention. Criteria for implementing a multidisciplinary assessment during hyperendemic outbreaks to evaluate the appropriateness of a vaccination intervention have been proposed. (R.A.)