Our country—and the planet—is facing a major health crisis. Like any crisis, it can reveal the strengths and weaknesses of society and its various components: those of its healthcare system, its research system, and the functioning of public health democracy... This article addresses the issue of social inequalities in the time of COVID-19: have the health crisis, the political response, and the response of the healthcare system amplified, mitigated, or left them as they were before? This special issue of the journal Questions de Santé Publique sheds light on this question using original findings from the "Epidemiology and Living Conditions" (EpiCoV) survey, enabling us to document the exceptional situation we are currently experiencing as quickly as possible.