The 2014 Overseas Departments Health Barometer, conducted in the French overseas departments of Martinique, Guadeloupe, and French Guiana, as well as in Réunion, marks the first expansion of the Health Barometer survey into the overseas departments. The results presented in this article, which are detailed in separate publications, reveal the following: alcohol consumption is generally less widespread in the French overseas departments than in mainland France. The percentage of chronic at-risk alcohol users in Martinique and French Guiana is close to that observed in mainland France (7.5%), though it is lower in Guadeloupe and Réunion. In Guadeloupe, French Guiana, and Martinique, the prevalence of daily smoking ranges from 11% to 15% and is significantly lower than in mainland France (28.2%). Only Réunion shows a prevalence (25.1%) close to that of mainland France. The prevalence of regular cannabis use is roughly the same in the French overseas departments as in mainland France.