A "single-day" survey was conducted on May 25, 1994, at 18 different sites across the country, organized by the national association "Généralistes et Toxicomanies." To this end, its local networks mobilized local associations and pharmacists with the support of their unions. The collection, entry, processing, and analysis of the data were carried out by the Poitou-Charentes Regional Health Observatory. The aim was to estimate the prevalence of over-the-counter dispensing of codeine-based medications on a given day and to assess the proportion of misuse resulting from such dispensing.