In collaboration with the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), the Paris Institute of Forensic Medicine conducted a study aimed at improving understanding of the causes of death in the Paris region. As part of this effort, the institute specifically examined drug-related deaths in the Île-de-France region in 1990, broken down by age, gender, and the department or arrondissement where the death occurred. This study reveals a significant underestimation of 60% compared to the figures reported by "official statistics" for this cause of death.