Approximately 40% of premature deaths in developed countries are believed to be attributable to individual behaviors, chief among them smoking, diet, and lack of physical activity. For the past twenty years, the INPES Health Barometers have made it possible to track the main behaviors linked to the health status of the adult population residing in France: smoking and alcohol consumption. They also enable the study and understanding of the determinants of these various factors. Other protocols better suited to adolescent populations further complement this system to provide a comprehensive overview.[author’s abstract]