Despite its proven effectiveness, vaccination no longer enjoys universal support among the public. Today, while more than three-quarters of the population has a favorable opinion of vaccination in general—and the trend is even on the rise, at 75.1% in 2016 and 77.7% according to consecutive Health Barometers conducted by Santé publique France—these figures remain well below the levels of acceptance observed until the early 2000s. In this context, how is vaccination coverage faring, particularly among children? What is the epidemiological impact? What are the main current challenges regarding vaccination?