Tuberculosis in France remains a pressing issue. The national incidence rate was 11.2 cases per 100,000 population in 2000 and has remained stable since 1997. The situation is particularly concerning in the Île-de-France region, where the incidence is twice the national rate. In Paris, it reaches 50 cases per 100,000. The proportion of cases involving human immunodeficiency virus infection has decreased, but tuberculosis rates are eight times higher among foreigners, particularly among young adults. Social deprivation and migration from countries with high tuberculosis incidence contribute to this situation. Targeted public health initiatives with adequate funding should be implemented to combat tuberculosis.