Mayotte is a French overseas department located in the Indian Ocean. Its healthcare system relies primarily on the hospital and health centers. Regulations regarding reportable diseases do not apply there. In 2005, the Regional Health Agency of Réunion and Mayotte published a report recommending the establishment of a surveillance system for infectious and parasitic diseases specific to Mayotte. That same year, the InVS entered into an agreement with the Mayotte Hospital Center to create an epidemiological surveillance unit responsible for implementing this surveillance through the hospital and health centers. This system, in place since January 2007, warrants strengthening; however, the participation of physicians—though still subject to improvement—already enables the surveillance of the main diseases affecting the island. (R.A.)