A comparison of standardized cancer mortality data between the exposed area and a control area in the Aude department with similar characteristics was conducted in 1998 and reanalyzed in 2001. Comparisons were also made with data from all of France. The study was conducted for overall cancer mortality, as well as for each tumor site (study period: 1968 to 1994). The results showed an excess risk of all cancers and respiratory cancers in the exposed area, as well as an excess of digestive cancers among women in the exposed area. An update of this study, conducted in 2007 for the years 1995 to 2003, highlights a decrease in excess cancer mortality in the exposed area compared to the control area for overall all-cancer mortality, for cancers of the lung, trachea, and bronchi, as well as for digestive cancers in women. Thus, the excess cancer mortality observed during the first three study periods no longer persists in the last two: 1995–1999 and 2000–2003. In contrast, no notable difference is observed between the two studies for cancers of the pharynx, which could be explained by the small sample sizes.