Introduction – VigilanS is a national program for re-contacting patients hospitalized for suicide attempts (SA), designed to reduce the risk of repeat suicide attempts and implemented in 2020 in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (ARA) region. The primary objective is to assess changes in the six-month suicide recurrence rate in the ARA region in relation to the opening of VigilanS centers between 2017 and 2021 and to identify factors associated with recurrence.Materials and Methods – A quasi-experimental before-and-after epidemiological study with two intervention groups (VigilanS partner facilities in 2020 and 2021) and one control group was conducted. The data used were extracted from the National Health Data System (SNDS) and included patients hospitalized in MCO (medicine-surgery-obstetrics) facilities for suicide attempts between 2017 and 2021 in the ARA. Trends in the six-month recurrence rate were analyzed using a negative binomial model by comparing the recurrence rate before (S1-2017 to S1-2020) and after (S2-2020, S1-2021) the implementation of VigilanS, across the three groups. Factors associated with recurrence were examined using multivariable Cox regression. Results – Among the 30,141 patients hospitalized for suicide attempts in the region over the entire period, 2,847 were readmitted for a repeat suicide attempt within six months, representing a recurrence rate of 9.4% (95% confidence interval, 95% CI: [9.1–9.7]). A significant decrease of -40.7% [-59.2; -15.1] in the six-month recurrence rate was observed in the group of VigilanS partner facilities (intervention group) compared to the period prior to VigilanS; this decrease was not observed in the control group. However, an overall downward trend was observed in the region over the study period. Several factors were significantly associated with recidivism: being aged 30–39 (vs. 40–49, adjusted relative risk, ARR = 1.15; p=0.04), living in an urban area (1.10; p=0.02; reference: rural area), and living in an affluent municipality (1.14; p=0.01).Conclusion – These results are encouraging regarding the potential of VigilanS to prevent repeat suicide attempts. Analysis of the associated factors indicates that it is not necessary to adapt the protocol based on sex, but that it would be beneficial to adapt it based on age.