Key Points

2025 Year in Review

• A total of 1,541 EV infections were reported, less than half the number recorded in 2024 (n=3,778), which was marked by a summer outbreak of similar magnitude to pre-COVID years, followed by a significant fall outbreak of EV-D68 infections.
• 1,000 cases of EV-associated meningitis, with a summer outbreak of smaller scale than in the previous two years. The predominant types were echovirus 9 (E9), E6, and coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4).
• Neonatal infections: 249 cases, representing 16% of EV infections (vs. 494, or 13% of infections, in 2024). A severe infection was reported in 19 children (7.6%); 1 newborn died. Severe cases were predominantly associated with coxsackieviruses B (n=8, predominantly CVB1) and were linked to liver damage, myocarditis, or multi-organ failure.
• Severe neurological complications: 47 patients presented with severe neurological complications, including 24 with status epilepticus and 16 with encephalitis. Among the latter, eight (50%) had a risk factor for severe infection related to humoral immune deficiency, whether congenital or acquired. Cerebellitis and motor deficits were reported in 4 and 3 patients, respectively. Twenty-three different types were identified in these cases of severe neurological involvement. Seven deaths were reported, including 3 in immunocompromised patients (neurological involvement, n=2; respiratory distress, n=1), 3 among infants aged 3 to 23 months (sudden unexpected death), and one among a 3-year-old child (multiorgan failure with status epilepticus).
• Low prevalence of EV-D68 (n=16 cases, no associated neurological involvement) and EV-A71 (n=12, including 2 associated with severe neurological involvement in a 3-year-old child and a 67-year-old immunocompromised adult).

Preliminary data as of June 22, 2026

• A steady increase in emergency department visits for viral meningitis since mid-May, following a moderate increase observed in the spring. Data reported by the Enterovirus Surveillance Network (RSE) do not yet indicate a clear resurgence of EV infections.
• Neonatal infections: 62 cases (16.7% of infections), including 1 severe infection associated with CVB1.
• EV-D68 infections: 2 cases in January 2026.
• EV-A71 infections: 12 cases, including 11 reported by the RSE, among whom were 10 children and one immunocompromised adult. One severe infection was reported in a 2-year-old child who presented with status epilepticus. Preliminary data indicate greater circulation than in 2025. However, no resurgence of severe neurological complications has been observed. The situation continues to be closely monitored to detect any increase in transmission or severe cases associated with EV-A71.