In recent years, the link between suicide and sexual orientation has been at the center of concerns and research on suicidal behavior. Recent studies have documented a positive association between belonging to a sexual minority and suicide attempts or suicidal ideation. The results available in France show differing effects depending on gender and sexual activity. They seem to indicate that the hypothesis of a link between homophobia and suicidal behavior is the strongest explanation for this elevated suicide rate. In addition to belonging to a sexual minority, gender nonconformity also exposes individuals to a higher risk. Possible avenues for prevention are discussed. [author’s abstract]