Background: Since the 1990s, several studies have shown that gay and bisexual populations have a higher prevalence of suicide attempts compared to the heterosexual population. The current challenge is to identify the factors associated with this suicide risk in order to better prevent it. The objective of this article is to conduct the first study in France examining suicide attempts that occurred in the 12 months preceding the survey, as well as the associated factors among men and women who self-identify as gay or bisexual. Methods: The 2011 Gay and Lesbian Press Survey is an anonymous, self-administered, cross-sectional survey based on voluntary participation. The questionnaires were available in LGBTQ+ media and on gay and lesbian community websites. Among the survey respondents, 10,100 men and 2,963 women residing in France specifically answered the questions on suicide attempts. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with suicide attempts in the past 12 months. Results: Over the course of their lives, 16% of men and 18% of women reported having made at least one suicide attempt, and 1.6% and 1.9%, respectively, reported having attempted suicide within the past year. Factors independently associated with suicide attempts within the past year among men and women included being economically inactive, having experienced forced sexual intercourse at some point in their lives, having ended a stable relationship within the past year, excessive alcohol consumption, and reporting depression. Furthermore, among men, living in a small urban area, having experienced physical and/or verbal assault due to their sexual orientation, and having used anxiolytics within the past year increased the likelihood of reporting a suicide attempt within the past year. Conclusion: Our results confirm that combating homophobia is a key factor in preventing suicidal behavior among gay and bisexual men. In fact, in addition to the traditional risk factors for suicide attempts, a significant association was identified among gay and bisexual men between a suicide attempt within the past year and homophobic assaults during the same period.