Depression, a major public health issue, remains a phenomenon for which the epidemiological picture is still incomplete. This book is based on a general population survey conducted by the INPES using validated international indicators. The survey included 1,710 people aged 15 to 75 living in metropolitan France. Given the epidemiological challenges of defining a phenomenon such as depression, the authors present the methods and their limitations in detail before exploring the various sociodemographic factors associated with depression, as well as the healthcare utilization resulting from this condition. In addition to the goal of enhancing knowledge regarding prevalence and associated factors, this survey also highlights the general public’s perceptions and attitudes toward depression. The book thus provides an overview of public opinions and perceptions to support the implementation of a more effective—and thus better understood—public health policy. Intended for both healthcare professionals and the general public, this book aims to provide a snapshot of the reality of depression and its social determinants in France today. The full survey questionnaire is included at the end of the book.