This article presents the methodology and results of a study on the relationship between the use of psychoactive substances and sports participation. Two data sources were used: the 2000 Survey on Health and Behavior during the Military Service Preparation Call-up (Escapad), which focused on 17-year-olds, and the 2000 Health Barometer survey of the adult population. The analysis distinguishes between different contexts of sports participation (club-based or non-club-based, and based on the number of hours per week), as well as indicators of tobacco and alcohol dependence. (R.A.)