Le Raisin coordinated France's participation in the European prevalence survey of infections and prescriptions for anti-infective drugs in long-term care facilities. The survey was offered to two or three nursing homes (Ehpad) per region; they were required to include residents present on the day of the survey. Data collected in a standardized manner according to the European protocol from June to September 2010 were centralized by the InVS for analysis. In total, 65 Ehpad facilities representing 6,610 beds participated in the survey. Among the 6,255 residents included, 61% were women, 53% were over 85 years of age, 59% were disoriented in space or time, 61% were incontinent, and 60% had reduced mobility; 1.5% of residents had a urinary catheter and 0.2% had a vascular catheter. On the day of the survey, 231 (3.9%) residents were infected; the prevalence of infected patients varied by nursing home (median: 2.6%, minimum: 0.0%, maximum: 17.4%). Among the 258 infections (prevalence 4.0%), skin (31%), urinary (30%), and respiratory (23%) sites were the most common. On the day of the survey, 196 (3.1%) residents were receiving antimicrobial treatment (prevalence 3.1%); this prevalence varied by nursing home (median: 2.4%, minimum: 0.0%, maximum: 11.1%). Among the 201 prescribed drugs, the most common were fluoroquinolones (19%), the amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination (18%), and third-generation cephalosporins (18%). A coordinating physician was identified in nearly all (97%) of the nursing homes. An infection prevention team was identified in 44 (68%) facilities. Annual consumption of hydroalcoholic products averaged 1.7 liters per bed per year, or 1.6 hand rubs per day per resident. A restricted list of antibiotics that could be prescribed was established in less than one-third (29%) of the facilities. This prevalence survey covered 0.6% of nursing homes and 0.9% of residents in France. These results cannot be generalized. Nevertheless, the survey provides a snapshot, on a given day, of the resident population, infections, and the antimicrobial treatments prescribed to them. These results are consistent with other French surveys. (R.A.)