As part of the Interregional Epidemiology Unit’s mission to monitor the health status of the population, in addition to preparing for responses to public health alerts, the hospital activity monitoring system established in 2004 as part of the National Heat Wave Plan in collaboration with the Aquitaine Regional Hospitalization Agency, and expanded in 2006 to all emergency departments in the region, continued throughout 2007. This activity report highlighted significant activity in emergency departments, with 700,700 emergency room visits and 642,520 medical cases handled by SAMU in 2007, marked by weekly and seasonal fluctuations. These variations were primarily observed during periods of seasonal epidemics, the end-of-year holidays—when difficulties related to maintaining continuous care are generally noted by emergency physicians—as well as during the summer, when activity in the departments is significantly intensified in tourist areas due to the increase in the local population and numerous gatherings of people. This routine system allows for daily analysis of trends in emergency department activity, enabling any unusual increases to be verified with designated medical advisors before informing partners and health authorities. This system is now an integral part of the regional surveillance system. Thus, the analysis of this data, supplemented by other data sources (SOS Médecins, INSEE), provides health indicators based on the activity of emergency care professionals. Furthermore, every summer, this system is integrated into the Heat Wave and Health Alert System and, in 2007, was one of the components of the health surveillance system implemented during the Rugby World Cup. (R.A.)