This issue of *La Santé en action* aims, based on scientific evidence, to place this major issue—which is critical not only for public health but also for the environment—at the top of the agenda. Various articles illustrate the complex relationships between health and nature and the extensive scientific data highlighted by international bodies such as the World Health Organization (WHO), or international expert platforms such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) or the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES).