Introduction - A heat wave affected mainland France in July 2006. The warning and response levels of the National Heat Wave Plan were activated in Aquitaine from July 16 to 27. No significant changes in healthcare activity were observed; however, several heat-related deaths were reported based on information provided by healthcare professionals. The objective of this study is to describe deaths potentially linked to the heat in Aquitaine during this period. Methods - All death certificates issued in Aquitaine from July 10 to 30, 2006, and transmitted by the DDASS were analyzed. Deaths directly and indirectly related to the heat were identified and described. Results - Among the 1,644 death certificates issued during the period, 36 met the criteria for deaths related to the heat wave, including 23 directly related cases. Discussion - Despite the limited health impact of the 2006 heat wave, preventive measures should be continued and intensified for the entire population, not just the groups most at risk.