French regulations allow retired individuals who were exposed to a carcinogen during their working lives to receive post-employment medical monitoring covered by their Primary Health Insurance Fund (CPAM). Currently, very few of the people affected are taking advantage of this measure. The ESPACES project proposes and evaluates a method for identifying retirees who may have been occupationally exposed to asbestos in order to inform them of their rights to this monitoring. This pilot study was conducted at the Social Security Health Examination Centers (CES) in six departments, using a randomly selected sample of men who retired between 1994 and 1996. The probability of asbestos exposure was assessed using an occupation-exposure matrix. Validation interviews were conducted at the CES. Retirees whose exposure was confirmed were referred to apply for coverage of medical follow-up care. The procedure was evaluated by comparison with control CPAMs, and simulations were used to assess the procedure’s sensitivity and specificity, as well as the number of people potentially affected. Of the 737 individuals classified as exposed by the matrix who attended the interview, 53.8% had their exposure confirmed. In total, 143 individuals were enrolled in the program, a proportion 17 times higher than that of the control CPAMs. The simulations show that, for approximately 250,000 new retirees each year, adopting a low detection threshold (taking into account the probability and duration of exposure) would result in approximately 25,000 people being referred to the CES, of whom more than 6,000 would be treated. Conclusion: A proposal to expand the screening procedure—which would reduce information disparities among individuals who have been exposed to asbestos—has been presented to Social Security officials. The proposed screening threshold allows for a feasible and ethically acceptable widespread implementation, while minimizing the number of false positives and false negatives. R.A