Today, preventing smoking among young people is all the more critical, as early experimentation is now recognized as a major risk factor for long-term smoking and addiction. Several recent studies have shown an increase in smoking among adolescents in France in recent years. Based on data from the Health Barometer, this article examines the perceptions and behaviors related to smoking among young people aged 15 to 30, as well as their similarities and differences, in light of tobacco control policies. [author’s abstract]