Introduction - In 2000, a three-year cycle of school-based surveys was launched in France with the aim of estimating indicators for monitoring children’s health, including vaccination coverage. Methods - The surveys were conducted in 2001–2002 among fifth-grade students, in 2002–2003 among preschoolers, and in 2003–2004 among ninth-grade students, with samples selected using a two-stage sampling method (initial selection of public and private schools, followed by random selection of students). Results - Vaccination coverage remained high through adolescence, particularly for DTPolio (80% to 96%). For pertussis, while coverage before age 6 was satisfactory (87% to 92%), the results showed incorrect booster administration at the time of the second DTPolio booster, and coverage with five doses of vaccine during adolescence was still insufficient (57.4% at age 15 in 2003–2004, but only 17.4% of children received the fifth dose after age 11). As for BCG, coverage is excellent (99%). Regarding the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, while coverage at age 6 for the first dose appeared satisfactory (95%), coverage for the second dose was still very low (24% to 61%). Hepatitis B vaccination remained the most problematic, with very low coverage rates (33% to 42%). Discussion/Conclusion - These results highlight the priorities for improving vaccination coverage among children and adolescents: vaccinating against hepatitis B before age 13 by promoting infant vaccination, increasing the use of pertussis booster shots at ages 11–13 as well as second doses of MMR (primarily in southern and central-eastern France), and administering the first dose of MMR earlier. Finally, while BCG vaccination coverage was very high, it relied primarily on the multi-puncture vaccination method, which has not been available since early 2006. (R.A.)