In France, vaccination against the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is recommended for all infants, following a 3-dose schedule. Vaccination coverage among infants is estimated based on children’s health certificates, using a system involving general practitioners, departmental Maternal and Child Health (PMI) services, the Directorate for Research, Studies, Evaluation, and Statistics (Drees), and the Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS). Until 2004, vaccination coverage at 24 months did not exceed 30%. We present here estimates calculated from data on 24-month health certificates from 2004 to 2007 (i.e., for children born between 2002 and 2005). HBeV coverage with 3 doses at 24 months was 41.9% in 2007. It ranged from 12.8% to 85.5% across departments, with approximately half of the departments having coverage between 30% and 49%. The determinants of HBeV vaccination coverage were analyzed using logistic regression. Coverage was lower among children whose mothers were over 25 years old at delivery compared to children of younger mothers (p<0.01). It was higher in Île-de-France and in the overseas departments compared to other geographic areas (p<0.001), as well as among children whose health certificate had been completed at a PMI or at a location other than a private medical practice (p<0.001). Although still too low, HBV coverage at 24 months increased significantly in France between 2004 and 2007. These encouraging results could signal a renewed confidence among families and healthcare professionals regarding this vaccination. (R.A.)