Introduction: First introduced in 2004, e-cigarettes are used by millions of people, including many smokers as an aid to quitting. However, their role in tobacco control is controversial due to a lack of studies to inform the public health debate surrounding them. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of the student population at the Villejean campus in Rennes was conducted as part of the 30th IDEA course. The main objectives were to estimate the proportion of users among the student population and to assess the impact of “vaping” on tobacco use. A multivariate analysis identified the main factors associated with regular vaping. Results: The researchers surveyed 1,362 students (6.9% of the campus population). The proportion of students who have tried e-cigarettes is estimated at 35.3% [32.8%; 37.9%], with 5.7% [4.5%; 7.0%] being regular vapers. Multivariate analysis shows that being a “daily smoker” (adjusted prevalence ratio (APR) 11.8 [95% CI: 5.3; 26.5]), believing that e-cigarettes are a good way to quit smoking (APR 4.29 [95% CI: 1.69; 10.91]), and believing that e-cigarettes are more economical (OR 2.44 [95% CI: 1.01; 5.91]) are the main factors associated with regular vaping. Among regular vapers, 68% reported having reduced their tobacco use, and 24% reported having quit. Discussion: Although based on self-reports, this study assesses the potential impact of e-cigarettes on tobacco reduction and cessation among students. These results highlight the urgent need for large-scale clinical studies to accurately measure the health impact of this phenomenon. (R.A.)