This report provides an overview of childhood lead poisoning screening activities in France during the 2005–2007 period, based on data from the national surveillance system for lead levels in children. Following a sharp increase in screening between 2002 and 2004, there was a slight decline during the period studied: 9,033 children underwent their first blood lead level test in 2005, 7,874 in 2006, and 7,468 in 2007. The average probability of a child undergoing a blood lead level test before the age of 7 is approximately 0.8%. Screening remains concentrated in the Île-de-France region (64%) and the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region (10%). Maternal and child health physicians remain the primary prescribers (46%), but the share of private practitioners is increasing (28% in 2005–2007 compared to 19% in 2003–2004). Among children identified through initial screening, the proportion with blood lead levels ≥100 μg/L continues to decline: it was 4.4% in 2005, 4.2% in 2006, and 3.7% in 2007. In 2005, 497 new cases of lead poisoning were recorded, 435 in 2006, and 333 in 2007. The main risk factors leading to their detection are housing built before 1949 (74.5%), substandard housing (66.2%), and the presence of lead-based paint in the home (36.7%). In 2007, the surveillance system identified 538 children detected during initial screening with blood lead levels ≥80 μg/L and 1,290 with levels ≥50 μg/L. Follow-up of children with lead poisoning could be improved, as no follow-up blood lead levels were recorded for one-quarter of the lead poisoning cases identified during initial screening in 2005, and the follow-up interval for some children with lead poisoning exceeds the interval recommended by the 2003 consensus conference. (R.A.)