This report provides an overview of childhood lead poisoning screening activities in France for the years 2003 and 2004, based on data recorded in the national surveillance system for lead levels in children. During this period, 24,837 cases of elevated blood lead levels were recorded, of which 17,241 involved children who had not previously undergone a blood lead level test. There was a marked increase in screening activity compared to previous years: +43% between 2002 and 2003, and +23% between 2003 and 2004. Despite this, screening covers only a limited number of children: if screening activity remained stable over time at the annual rate observed in 2004, the average probability of a child having a blood lead level test before their 7th birthday would be 1.4%. Maternal and child health services remain the primary prescribers (50%), but the role of private practitioners is becoming increasingly significant (19%), especially in rural areas. The geographic distribution of screening remains highly uneven: the Île-de-France and Nord-Pas-de-Calais regions account for 60% and 17% of children tested for the first time, and 70% and 11% of new cases of lead poisoning, respectively. The most frequently cited risk factors are older housing (77%), dilapidated housing (54%), industrial environments (22%), and pica behavior (13%). Among children tested for the first time, the rate of blood lead levels greater than or equal to 100 μg/L was 6.7% in 2003 and 5.0% in 2004. (R.A.)