According to available studies, a significant proportion of individuals with major depressive episodes (MDEs) receive inadequate treatment. The objective of this article is to identify the factors associated with appropriate treatment for depression in France. In particular, we will seek to determine whether receiving adequate treatment is associated with seeking care from a specific type of healthcare professional and to highlight the specific effect of the type of care-seeking on treatment adequacy by controlling for the effects of sociodemographic and clinical variables. The data are drawn from a national epidemiological survey of the general population conducted in 2005 (2005 Health Barometer, n = 16,883) by the National Institute for Prevention and Health Education. The level of treatment adequacy is higher among women, those with severe conditions, and people living in the Paris region or the Center-East region, and lower among students. When controlling for the effects of sociodemographic and clinical variables, the probability of receiving adequate treatment increases with the use of the specialized sector, either exclusively or in conjunction with a visit to a general practitioner. Retirees and other economically inactive individuals are more likely to receive appropriate treatment. Living in the Mediterranean, Paris, or Central-East regions is significantly associated with receiving appropriate treatment for depression. Finally, the severity of depressive symptoms also increases the likelihood of receiving appropriate treatment. [author’s abstract]