Introduction - The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus infections in French Polynesia (FP) and the emergence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates from community-acquired infections prompted the creation of an epidemiological surveillance network to monitor S. aureus antibiotic susceptibility in FP. Materials and Methods - All laboratories in FP (n=5) participate in this surveillance. A prevalence study has been conducted annually since 2006, covering a three-month period. Clinical and epidemiological information is combined with the study of S. aureus antibiotic susceptibility. Whether the infection is healthcare-associated or community-acquired is indicated for each strain studied. Results - Each year, approximately 200 S. aureus strains were isolated from patients residing across all the Pf archipelagos, with three-quarters of cases presenting as skin infections. Two-thirds of the strains are community-acquired. MRSA accounts for 20% of community-acquired S. aureus and 40% of S. aureus involved in healthcare-associated infections. Half of the MRSA is isolated from community-acquired infections. Conclusion - This study highlights the high prevalence of MRSA in the community in the French Polynesian archipelago, necessitating strengthened prevention measures and an adjustment of antibiotic therapy recommendations for S. aureus infections. (R.A.)