In long-term care facilities for the elderly (LTCFs), a large number of cases and deaths due to acute respiratory infections (ARIs) could be prevented by improving prevention and control measures. This project aims to reduce mortality and morbidity due to ARIs among Ehpa residents through the early identification of clusters of cases, the implementation of reporting procedures to the CClin and Ddass and appropriate control measures, the investigation of outbreaks, and the evaluation of the ARI surveillance system. For the second consecutive year, tools (prevention, self-monitoring, reporting, control measures) were distributed to the 740 long-term care facilities. The system for the 2006–2007 winter season was then evaluated using a questionnaire sent to these facilities. The survey response rate was 69%. The evaluation showed an improvement in the use of these tools, with 66% of long-term care facilities conducting self-monitoring for acute respiratory infections, 70% having a designated laboratory performing rapid influenza screening tests, and 78% maintaining a stock of masks. Clustered cases were retrospectively reported in 23 long-term care facilities, with a total of 33 outbreaks, including 4 reported in real time to the local health authorities (DDASS). The attack rate was 13% among residents, with 7 hospitalizations and 3 deaths, and 3% among staff. Testing and Tamiflu® prescriptions were carried out for only one outbreak. Long-term care facilities must improve their case management protocols to enable rapid diagnosis for early treatment, implement reporting procedures, and adhere to recommended measures. Vaccination coverage among residents in long-term care facilities is relatively high for influenza (91%) but insufficient for pneumococcal disease (21%). Coverage among staff for influenza is low (40%). It appears that the message regarding altruistic vaccination of staff has not truly taken hold in some facilities. Health awareness efforts must be redoubled in light of these results. (R.A.)