As part of the epidemiological surveillance program for musculoskeletal disorders implemented by the French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS), a study on surgically treated carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) was conducted in the Bouches-du-Rhône department. The objectives were to estimate its incidence and the proportion of cases attributable to occupational activity. Patients were recruited through a network of hand surgeons. Demographic and occupational data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire. The annual incidence was 2.9 per 1,000 women and 1.1 per 1,000 men. The highest incidence rates were observed among female manual workers and office workers, and among male manual workers. The occupational categories with the greatest contribution to the occurrence of surgically treated CTS in the working-age population (20–64 years) are office workers for women (accounting for 23% of cases) and manual workers for men (18%). Public administration is the sector with the highest incidence among both women and men. These results help identify the occupations and sectors where prevention should be a priority, and will be compared with those from the Pays de la Loire region obtained as part of this surveillance program. (R.A.)