On November 18, 2010, Santé publique France was notified by the Languedoc-Roussillon Regional Health Agency (ARS) following numerous environmental and health complaints from residents living near the Salindres industrial complex. These complaints concerned sensory nuisances as well as industrial risks. The complaints cited an excess of glioblastomas and thyroid disorders, as well as a decline in quality of life. In this context, a three-pronged approach (environmental, population-based and socio-historical, and health-related) was implemented. The study presented in this report, which forms part of the health component, is an epidemiological study on the health and quality of life of Salindres residents. The objective was to describe the perceived health status and quality of life of residents of Salindres and its surrounding areas and to assess any potential links to exposure to the industrial site. The survey was conducted by telephone among 1,495 residents of Salindres and its surrounding areas between October and December 2012. Information was collected on quality of life, anxiety, sleep disturbances, as well as irritative symptoms that may result from exposure to chemicals released by industrial activities. This study shows that residents living near the industrial site rate their quality of life more favorably than the rest of the French reference population. Among them, those exposed to nuisances (odors and noise) report being in poorer health than those not exposed. This manifests as anxiety, sleep disturbances, and a decline in quality of life. No relationship between atmospheric concentrations of the pollutant (PM10) and irritative symptoms was found. These results suggest the following management measures: continuing efforts to reduce industrial nuisances, improving social dialogue regarding industrial activities, and strengthening residents’ community capacities. This is the first study conducted by Santé publique France using health indicators based on perceived health and quality of life, an approach that allows for the assessment of factors related to the cognitive and emotional characteristics associated with the perception of industrial nuisances and risks, in addition to the intrinsic characteristics of the health risk associated with chemical pollution.