Background – The decline in hospital care utilization observed at the start of the first wave of COVID-19 may have serious consequences and be detrimental to patient health. Our objective was to analyze the short-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospitalizations at the Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU) between 2019 and 2020. Methods – The national PMSI database (Program for the Medicalization of Information Systems) was used to analyze trends in hospital activity at the Bordeaux University Hospital. Activity was described according to periods in 2020 (pre-epidemic, first wave, inter-wave, second wave); types of care (outpatient care, conventional hospitalizations without emergency department visits [HSU], and with emergency department visits [HAU]); types of activities (planning group classifications); and sociodemographic variables. Results – Activity at the Bordeaux University Hospital decreased by 6.3% between 2019 and 2020. Outpatient visits and most HSU activities, which were severely disrupted during the first wave, saw a recovery in activity during the inter-wave period followed by a moderate decline during the second wave. Inpatient admissions experienced a moderate but persistent decline until the end of the second wave. Hospital stays for patients aged 0–17 declined the most during both waves of the epidemic. The decline in activity was more pronounced among non-CMU beneficiaries during the first wave and among CMU beneficiaries during the second wave. Conclusion – The impact of COVID-19 was temporary on outpatient care and HSU admissions but appears to be more lasting for HAU admissions. Analyzing the long-term effects of delays in care will be crucial to better prepare the healthcare system to manage new waves of the epidemic.