Introduction – To date, no epidemiological survey in France has documented the prevalence of smoking and vaping, the types of products used, how they are obtained, or the impact of smoking prevention campaigns among people with intellectual disabilities. Methods – A translation into Easy-to-Read and Understand (Falc) of the tobacco and vaping items from the Santé publique France Barometer questionnaire was produced (“The Health Thermometer”). It was administered to more than 1,000 individuals with intellectual disabilities in the Hauts-de-France region between September 2022 and April 2023. Results – In the Hauts-de-France region, 23.5% of people with intellectual disabilities report smoking, and 19.6% do so daily, with men doing so more often than women (22.9% vs. 14.5%, p=0.001). 8.6% vape, and 4.9% do so daily. The vast majority of smokers consume manufactured cigarettes or roll-your-own tobacco. Among daily smokers, the average number of cigarettes consumed per day is 12.4, with men smoking more than women (13.6 vs. 9.5, p=0.009). A significant proportion of smokers (36%) report purchasing their tobacco abroad (in Belgium). Although 45% of smokers say they are aware of “Smoke-Free Month,” almost no one has participated in it. Conclusion – People with intellectual disabilities use tobacco products, adopting, just as much as the general population, opportunistic strategies to circumvent public policies aimed at raising prices. They do not appear to be affected by prevention campaigns targeting the general population. They also use tools to reduce the risks of smoking less frequently. These findings call for greater inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities in tobacco prevention campaigns, clearer messaging and more accessible tools, but above all for the implementation of complex interventions that empower individuals and foster a health-promoting environment based on co-creation and participatory research.