Key Points

• The increase in the number of malaria cases observed in 2023 continued in 2024: 425 malaria cases were recorded in 2024 (vs. 340 in 2023, +25%), representing an incidence rate of 1.5 per 1,000 inhabitants (vs. 1.2 in 2023).

• The trend was favorable over the course of the year: 45% of cases were recorded in January and February, with an overall downward trend from 126 cases in January to 17 in December.

• P. vivax remained predominant (97%), and the proportion of relapses was higher than in 2023 (38% vs. 20%), though no particular trend has been observed since 2018. All cases of P. falciparum were imported.

• No notable change in severity compared to previous years. No deaths were recorded among hospitalized malaria cases.

• As in 2023, the majority of transmission zones were concentrated in the coastal municipalities, in contrast to the historical transmission foci in the Interior, Haut-Maroni, and Eastern Interior regions. In total, 13 transmission foci were identified in 2024 (unchanged from 2023).

• The persistence of transmission hotspots along the coast confirms the fragility of the situation and that the potential for the disease to spread in these municipalities—particularly in peri-urban areas—is very real.

• While France is committed to eliminating malaria, efforts in prevention and management—particularly case-by-case interventions, active screening, early patient care, and follow-up—must be sustained and maintained over the long term.