From 2000 to 2010, 12,254 cases of malaria were confirmed at the Parasitology Laboratory of the Cayenne Hospital Center (Plasmodium vivax: 58.2%, P. falciparum: 41.5%, mixed infection: 2.1%, and P. malariae: 0.9%). In 262 cases, hyperparasitemia was present (≥4% of red blood cells infected), with an estimated frequency of 4% for P. falciparum and only 0.045% for P. vivax; there were no cases of P. malariae. Admission to the intensive care unit was correlated with parasite load: ranging from 12.1% of cases for parasite loads of 4–9% (n=165) to 77.8% for those of 30% or higher (n=9). The maximum value was 73% (favorable outcome with no sequelae).