In France, carbon monoxide (CO) causes approximately 300 deaths and 6,000 cases of poisoning each year. The National Health and Environment Plan (PNSE), adopted in June 2004, aims to reduce CO poisoning-related deaths by 30% by 2008. Achieving this goal depends on the implementation of a new surveillance system, as well as on strengthening regulations and public prevention and information campaigns. The Lorraine Regional Health and Environment Plan (PRSE) incorporates the goal of reducing CO-related deaths by 30% by the end of 2008. The interministerial circular of November 16, 2004, regarding the monitoring of CO poisoning and the measures to be implemented—amended by the circular of December 14, 2005—outlines the new CO poisoning monitoring system implemented as of January 1, 2005. Led by the regional and departmental directorates of health and social affairs (DRASS and DDASS), this new system was implemented in 2005 in every department in Lorraine and replaces the system that had been in place since 1993. The Nancy Poison Control Center (CAP) and the Municipal Health and Hygiene Services (SCHS) also play an active role in ensuring the smooth operation of this surveillance system. An epidemiological analysis of all poisoning cases that occurred in Lorraine during the 2005 calendar year is presented in this report. The objectives of this report are: - to evaluate the surveillance system’s capacity to process reports of CO poisoning - to describe the extent of the public health problem related to these poisonings in Lorraine.