Children aged 6 to 11 who were injured in a traffic accident were followed for one year, along with a control group of children. More than one-third of the injured children were hospitalized (for 1 to 7 days). Pain was still present one year later in more than one in ten children, as were medical costs resulting from the accident. Hospitalization rates and duration, duration of care, number of medical visits, and school absenteeism were linked to the initial severity of the injuries, unlike pain. After the accident, a “nervous, agitated” disposition was more common among those injured, as were sleep disturbances.