Over the past few decades, the incidence of dengue has risen dramatically in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in the Americas and the Caribbean. In the French Overseas Departments (DFA), the epidemiological surveillance system for dengue relies on three sources: 1) networks of sentinel general practitioners; 2) clinical laboratories; and 3) public hospitals, which provide clinical and paraclinical data enabling the classification of hospitalized patients according to World Health Organization recommendations. In Martinique and Guadeloupe, dengue is endemic and epidemic, with marked seasonal variations. Over the past 10 years, five epidemics have occurred on these two islands. These epidemics typically last 5 to 6 months, and their incidence—in terms of clinical cases requiring medical care—ranges from 3,650 to 10,000 cases per 100,000 people, with a severity rate of 3 to 12 severe cases per 1,000 cases. Since the early 2000s, the co-circulation of at least two serotypes has typically been observed. In French Guiana, dengue is also endemic-epidemic but without significant seasonal variations. Epidemics generally span nearly two years following a bimodal pattern. Their characteristics (incidence and severity) are no different from those observed in the Caribbean. The co-circulation of serotypes is also the norm in French Guiana. The epidemiology of dengue in the three French overseas departments is evolving toward a hyper-endemic situation characterized by shorter inter-epidemic periods with a higher residual number of sporadic cases during inter-epidemic periods and an increasing number of hospitalized cases. Efforts to better prevent and control dengue epidemics in the French overseas departments must therefore be strengthened. (R.A.)