Studies have examined the diets of people with low socioeconomic status in industrialized countries, with most of these studies conducted among the general population. These studies allow for an analysis of the relationships between various socioeconomic variables—such as educational level, income, and occupation—and individuals’ food consumption and nutritional intake. They demonstrate a significant relationship between socioeconomic status and diet quality, with diets generally being less health-promoting among populations with lower socioeconomic status. Surveys conducted on specific populations (recipients of social assistance and/or food aid programs, users of emergency shelters or free healthcare centers, etc.) have the advantage of reaching people who are underrepresented in general population surveys, precisely because of their unfavorable socioeconomic status. Beyond the usual socioeconomic criteria, it is also worthwhile to analyze these relationships in light of food insecurity, defined as the inability to obtain, in sufficient quantities and through socially acceptable means, a diet that is culturally and nutritionally adequate.